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Real Estate Business Review | Tuesday, March 30, 2021
Researchers found that a projected urban expansion of up to 1.53 million square kilometers over the next three decades threatens the survival of more than 800 species -- but also that a focus on urban planning that protects habitats can mitigate the impact.
FREMONT, CA: A recent study headed by Yale School of Environment researchers revealed that projected urban growth of up to 1.53 million square kilometers over the next three decades poses a threat to the survival of over 800 species, but that a focus on urban planning that protects habitats can lessen the damage. The worldwide urban population is expected to grow by 2.5 billion people in the next 30 years, resulting in a significant increase in urban sprawl. Much of this urban expansion is expected to take place in biodiversity hotspots, which are places rich in species that are at high risk of extinction as a result of human activities, endangering a wide range of species, many of which are already endangered.
According to the conclusions of a new Yale-led study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, an expansion might result in up to 1.53 million square kilometers of new urbanized territory, directly harming 855 species. The study identified hotspot cities, which are expected to have particularly large impacts on species habitats as a result of their rise. Many of these cities are located in tropical regions, where urbanization coexists with biological diversity. Cities in growing tropical regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa, South America, Mesoamerica, and Southeast Asia represent the biggest threat to species because of their expansion. Species categorized as "threatened" on the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature are disproportionately represented among the species that have been severely harmed. The authors argue that concentrating global efforts on limiting impacts on ecosystems in these growth zones can assist conserve and protecting species.
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The study utilized data from Yale's Map of Life, which is a database of species distribution data that is used to monitor, investigate, and develop policies to protect species all around the world. It also employed a new set of land-use estimates to assess projected habitat loss from urban land growth for over 30,000 terrestrial species worldwide. For around one-third of them, the study discovered that urban land growth is a substantial driver of habitat loss. The study comes as the UN Convention on Biological Diversity's 15th Conference of Parties prepares to meet in April to vote on a new post-2020 biodiversity protection framework. The study illustrates the importance of including measures to protect species in urban areas in global conservation efforts.
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