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Real Estate Business Review | Monday, December 26, 2022
Blockchain technology in the due diligence process will allow the real estate industry to facilitate this dull process.
FREMONT, CA: Blockchain is a distributed and decentralized public documentation database that records all transactions and creates the data for every transaction. For each transaction, many new and unique data elements (purchaser, seller, purchase date and time, purchase amount, and more) are formed.
This data is grouped as a block, and such blocks are chained successively through algorithms developed at each transaction. No block can be added to the chain if the hashes are not repeated by all the key users in the network.
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Therefore, the integrity of the transactions is maintained. Data or transactions on the Blockchain cannot be altered or tampered with as it is spread across the network of users who store and verify each data block.
Furthermore, each user works from an individual record, so reconciliation is unnecessary, decreasing costs and revving fulfillment, settlement or any other processes managed within the Blockchain.
Use Cases of Blockchain Acceptance in Real Estate
Due Diligence of a Property
Once the chosen property has been found and inspected, the next stage in a real estate transaction is the due diligence and background verification of the property. Keeping the buyer from facing future challenges with the property is the key to title assurance.
The requirement is to establish, with proof, that the present owner is the owner. In addition, the records should protect the seller's rights during a sale to confirm that the license is correctly passed to the buyer.
Therefore, review of financial and legal documents like ownership proof, title documents, historical data of tenants, and correct activities conducted in the property turns paramount. Unfortunately, nowadays, these documents are mostly kept as physical documents, sometimes missing, and the validation process is done manually. Consequently, this process is prone to human errors, and the participation of diverse third-party service providers makes it long and cumbersome.
Blockchain technology in the due diligence process will allow the real estate industry to facilitate this dull process. The data about any property can be saved as a digital record in a Blockchain-based platform.
This digital property record can include all the essential information about a property, like ownership records, title data, tenant profile, and financial and ledger data, thus eradicating the requirement for third-party service providers. Furthermore, whenever the owner requires identification, the transaction history can be searched, and the person can be detected easily. These digital identities can highly reduce the inefficiencies and inaccuracies hampering properties' background check procedures.
Smart Contracts and Payments for Purchase or Lease
Because of the sheer number of people (like landlords, tenants, brokers, property managers, and various vendors) concerned with a single real estate transaction, managing the intricacy of lease agreements, property operations, and cash flows is a highly difficult task. Numerous payments and service transactions must be documented continually from the start of a lease agreement.
To manage this complex system, a real estate lease can be performed through "Smart Contracts" as per Blockchain technology. The conventional lease contract and its intricacies can be substituted by a transparent and automated smart tenancy contract. Once the lease conditions are fed into the smart contract, it will regularly register the payments and service transactions y without human intervention.
Handling the payments and cash flow in a real estate transaction is complex. The tenant is not just essential to make payments to the landlord as designated in the lease contract. Still, the cash flow is also subjected to rigorous investigation by auditors, banks, and other financial institutions. Therefore, real estate companies invest greatly in accounting, compliance, and cash flow management actions.
Like a real estate lease noted above, payments and cash flow can also be automated through Blockchain-based smart contracts. The parties intricated in a real estate transaction can digitally sign the smart tenancy contract, comprising payment terms and frequency details, among other details. As per the information fed into the system, the smart tenancy contract can start lease payments to the landlord or other vendors obeying the contract. At the close of the lease term, the same details can trigger the payment of the security deposit back to the tenant after adjusting the charges. Thereby, the teams (like auditors, banks, and financial institutions) exploring the payment and cash flow activities can get all the relevant information from a single incorruptible source through the smart contract.
Blockchain vows to transform business processes and fully transform the real estate industry's present landscape. However, Blockchain is at a developing stage in the real estate industry. Thus many of its use cases will possibly be determined through successive experimentation.
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